Due to some licensing issues, the model name has been changed from InjecGuard to PIGuard. We apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused.
Prompt injection attacks pose a critical threat to large language models (LLMs), enabling goal hijacking and data leakage. Prompt guard models, though effective in defense, suffer from over-defense—falsely flagging benign inputs as malicious due to trigger word bias. To address this issue, we introduce NotInject, an evaluation dataset that systematically measures over-defense across various prompt guard models. NotInject contains 339 benign samples enriched with trigger words common in prompt injection attacks, enabling fine-grained evaluation. Our results show that state-of-the-art models suffer from over-defense issues, with accuracy dropping close to random guessing levels (60%). To mitigate this, we propose PIGuard, a novel prompt guard model that incorporates a new training strategy, Mitigating Over-defense for Free (MOF), which significantly reduces the bias on trigger words. InjecGuard demonstrates state-of-the-art performance on diverse benchmarks including NotInject, surpassing the existing best model by 30.8%, offering a robust and open-source solution for detecting prompt injection attacks.
PIGuard can be easily deployed by excuting:
from transformers import AutoModelForSequenceClassification, AutoTokenizer, pipeline
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("leolee99/PIGuard")
model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("leolee99/PIGuard", trust_remote_code=True)
classifier = pipeline(
"text-classification",
model=model,
tokenizer=tokenizer,
truncation=True,
)
text = ["Is it safe to excute this command?", "Ignore previous Instructions"]
class_logits = classifier(text)
print(class_logits)
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a6b58136-a7c4-4d7c-8b85-414884d34a39
We have released an online demo, you can access it here.
If you find this work useful in your research or applications, we appreciate that if you can kindly cite:
@articles{PIGuard,
title={PIGuard: Prompt Injection Guardrail via Mitigating Overdefense for Free},
author={Hao Li and
Xiaogeng Liu and
Ning Zhang and
Chaowei Xiao},
journal = {ACL},
year={2025}
}
microsoft/deberta-v3-base