Ruri: Japanese General Text Embeddings
Usage
First install the Sentence Transformers library:
pip install -U sentence-transformers
Then you can load this model and run inference.
import torch.nn.functional as F
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("cl-nagoya/ruri-small", trust_remote_code=True)
# Don't forget to add the prefix "クエリ: " for query-side or "文章: " for passage-side texts.
sentences = [
"クエリ: 瑠璃色はどんな色？",
"文章: 瑠璃色（るりいろ）は、紫みを帯びた濃い青。名は、半貴石の瑠璃（ラピスラズリ、英: lapis lazuli）による。JIS慣用色名では「こい紫みの青」（略号 dp-pB）と定義している[1][2]。",
"クエリ: ワシやタカのように、鋭いくちばしと爪を持った大型の鳥類を総称して「何類」というでしょう?",
"文章: ワシ、タカ、ハゲワシ、ハヤブサ、コンドル、フクロウが代表的である。これらの猛禽類はリンネ前後の時代(17~18世紀)には鷲類・鷹類・隼類及び梟類に分類された。ちなみにリンネは狩りをする鳥を単一の目(もく)にまとめ、vultur(コンドル、ハゲワシ)、falco(ワシ、タカ、ハヤブサなど)、strix(フクロウ)、lanius(モズ)の4属を含めている。",
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences, convert_to_tensor=True)
print(embeddings.size())
# [4, 768]
similarities = F.cosine_similarity(embeddings.unsqueeze(0), embeddings.unsqueeze(1), dim=2)
print(similarities)
Benchmarks
JMTEB
Evaluated with JMTEB.
| Model | #Param. | Avg. | Retrieval | STS | Classfification | Reranking | Clustering | PairClassification |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cl-nagoya/sup-simcse-ja-base | 111M | 68.56 | 49.64 | 82.05 | 73.47 | 91.83 | 51.79 | 62.57 |
| cl-nagoya/sup-simcse-ja-large | 337M | 66.51 | 37.62 | 83.18 | 73.73 | 91.48 | 50.56 | 62.51 |
| cl-nagoya/unsup-simcse-ja-base | 111M | 65.07 | 40.23 | 78.72 | 73.07 | 91.16 | 44.77 | 62.44 |
| cl-nagoya/unsup-simcse-ja-large | 337M | 66.27 | 40.53 | 80.56 | 74.66 | 90.95 | 48.41 | 62.49 |
| pkshatech/GLuCoSE-base-ja | 133M | 70.44 | 59.02 | 78.71 | 76.82 | 91.90 | 49.78 | 66.39 |
| sentence-transformers/LaBSE | 472M | 64.70 | 40.12 | 76.56 | 72.66 | 91.63 | 44.88 | 62.33 |
| intfloat/multilingual-e5-small | 118M | 69.52 | 67.27 | 80.07 | 67.62 | 93.03 | 46.91 | 62.19 |
| intfloat/multilingual-e5-base | 278M | 70.12 | 68.21 | 79.84 | 69.30 | 92.85 | 48.26 | 62.26 |
| intfloat/multilingual-e5-large | 560M | 71.65 | 70.98 | 79.70 | 72.89 | 92.96 | 51.24 | 62.15 |
| OpenAI/text-embedding-ada-002 | - | 69.48 | 64.38 | 79.02 | 69.75 | 93.04 | 48.30 | 62.40 |
| OpenAI/text-embedding-3-small | - | 70.86 | 66.39 | 79.46 | 73.06 | 92.92 | 51.06 | 62.27 |
| OpenAI/text-embedding-3-large | - | 73.97 | 74.48 | 82.52 | 77.58 | 93.58 | 53.32 | 62.35 |
| Ruri-Small | 68M | 71.53 | 69.41 | 82.79 | 76.22 | 93.00 | 51.19 | 62.11 |
| Ruri-Base | 111M | 71.91 | 69.82 | 82.87 | 75.58 | 92.91 | 54.16 | 62.38 |
| Ruri-Large | 337M | 73.31 | 73.02 | 83.13 | 77.43 | 92.99 | 51.82 | 62.29 |
Model Details
Model Description
- Model Type: Sentence Transformer
- Base model: line-corporation/line-distilbert-base-japanese
- Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
- Output Dimensionality: 768
- Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
- Language: Japanese
- License: Apache 2.0
- Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.07737
Full Model Architecture
SentenceTransformer(
(0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False}) with Transformer model: DistilBertModel
(1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
)
Framework Versions
- Python: 3.10.13
- Sentence Transformers: 3.0.0
- Transformers: 4.41.2
- PyTorch: 2.3.1+cu118
- Accelerate: 0.30.1
- Datasets: 2.19.1
- Tokenizers: 0.19.1
License
This model is published under the Apache License, Version 2.0.